Chicago Tribune from Chicago, Illinois • 1

-V. imp THE THE 'AX (F DNAD. WORLD'S GREATEST NEWSPAPER AN AMERICAN PAPER FOR AMERICANS REG. V. BY 121 THREE CENTS PAY NO MORE TUESDAY, MAY THIS PAPER CONSISTS OF TWO SECTIONS SECTION ONE VOLUME CV.

NO. Byrnes Assails Russians for Blocking Peace Treaties BRAVE THE ELEMENTS WITHOUT IT APPEALTOOjc.Foa,- THREATENED IN LONG DEADLOCK He's 'Disappointed' in Paris Results BY ARTHUR SEARS HENNING Chiracs Tribune Press Service Washington, D. May 20-Aim- lrg at Russia a thinly veiled charge of the Bank 0f the Manhattan of aggressive Imperialism, State Company building at 40 Wall st. The Secretary Byrnes In" a radio report other bodies were found in wreck-tonight on the recent abortive Paris i age of the plane's cabin. One of the four power conference served notice that if Moscow continues to obstruct a European peace conference this summer he will appeal to the United Nations for action.

Byrnes hoped that continued fail- ur to obtain the rnnnemtinn of Russia without sacrifice of Ameri- Stevenson, New York City; 1st Lt. can principles will not impel A- Ross- Whitehall, N. United States to withdraw frorn and 1st Lt. Mary E. Bond, Newton, Europe and adopt a policy of isolation.

Test of Ourselves The situation which we will face In the coming months will be a test rot only of others but of ourselves," aid the secretary. "There are now and there will be in the future many occasions which might impel us to Army Officers Killed in N. Y. BY WILLIAM MOORE (Map on page picture on back page) Chicago Tribune Press Service New York, May 20 High above famed Trinity church, a two-engine army C-45 transport plane tore a 15 foot hole thru the 58th story wall of a 71 story skyscraper in the heart of New York's financial section tonight, carrying a WAC lieutenant and four male army officers to instant death. The bodies of the Dilot and co- nilot were riiirlerl from the rahin flnH ont thick mue ru2 in an men was decapitated.

The dead were identified by the army as: Maj. Mansel R. Campbell, the pilot, of Pontiac, whose wife lives at Evart, Capt. Tom L. Hall, Sioux Falls, S.

1st Lt. Robert L. Pa. Bound for Newark Army spokesmen said they believed the plane was bound for the Newark airport from Smyrna, Tenn. Police believe its pilot had become lost in the fog and was unaware that he was circling the lofty buildings of Wall st.

when the plane sud- crash and had tried vain to jump a closed parachute was found on the ninth floor ledge. Spectacular, as was the crash of of the Empire fatate building last July 28, the tragedy tonight was nevertheless not so costly in lives. Three occupants of the plane and 10 workers in the world's tallest building were killed in the Empire Witnesses of the accident tonight said that a black haze, possibly from explosion of gasoline in the tanks, seemed to arise over the top of the building. jy0 One Injured Aitho no one in the streets was struck by the falling wreckage, the financial section was filled within a few minutes with relatives and i S. PAT.

OFFICE. COPYRIGHT 1948 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE) JUST AS SOON Rule AFL Can Picket Painter of Own Shop Detroit, May 20 Special A man has a right to paint his home without having to put up with kibitzing by union pickets. But when he paints commercial property, even if he owns it and it is attached to his home, he can't claim immunity from picketing. Asst. Prosecutor Joseph Branni-gan admitted that may be splitting hairs, but that's the way he interpreted the law today when asked for a ruling in the case of Alfred McEnhill.

Since last Wednesday, members of the American Federation of Labor Painters' union have been picketing a building owned by McEnhill, a building contractor. The reason is that McEnhill has been painting the building. Is It Residential Or Not? On the principle that a man's home is his castle," McEnhill claimed the right to paint his residential building without having pickets parading in front with signs saying Unfair to Organized Labor." The union claimed it was commercial property and that they had the right to picket a nonunion nainter on such a job. It turned mercial property. The police department's special investigation squad asked the prosecutor's office for an opinion.

Today McEnhill and Robert V. Canton, of wisdom on the matter. This is a very difficult decision to make," Brannigan ventured, after much throat clearing. Until the United States courts rule on the1 legal limits of picketing, we won't know where we stand. However, here's my pinion.

When McEnhill paints his own home, he shouldn't be picketed; and if pickets show up, they should be arrested. When McEnhill paints the business part of the building, picketing is lawful. Can't Help Hair Splitting "This may be hair splitting, but it's the only way I can figure it out." Therefore, Brannigan ruled, the union cannot legally picket McEnhill as he paints at 2568 W. Grand his home, or at No. 2564, which is residential property he rents to tenants.

But he may be picketed when he paints No. 2566 in his building, which is a beauty shop, and No. 2570, an insurance office. It doesn't make any difference to me," McEnhill declared after receiving the complicated decision. I'm going to keep right on paint ing." 21, 191634 PAGES Capital Wives Learn What to DoAboutLegs Washington, D.

May 20 Spe cial How women's legs look on speaking platforms, what kind of hats if any ought to be worn by women speakers, and what women orators should do with their purses were among problems discussed at a public speaking class for Demo cratic women today. The session was the first of an intensive course being given this week under the sponsorship of the women's division of the Democratic national committee. Its purpose is to teach a group of prominent Democratic women how to make political speeches. White House Session Ahead In attendance were wives of 4 cabi net ministers, 2 senators, 25 repre sentatives, and 32 others. The final session, it was said, will be held Friday at the White House with Mrs.

Harry S. Truman as hostess. The legs problem, it was reported, was considered after demonstrations of various poses. The reported consensus was that women speakers should keep both feet on the floor, one slightly back of the other. Hats proved a highly controversial subject.

Many rated them as taking second place to "good looking" hair. Saucy' One Gets By Mrs. Olin D. Johnston, wife of the senator from South Carolina, displayed a modish picture hat, but this was ruled out as being likely to take the audience's mind off the speech. Mrs.

Jed Johnson, wife of the representative from Oklahoma, had better luck with a veiled swirl which the class termed "saucy" and an asset to oratory. Wrong ways of holding purses while talking were modeled by Mrs. Fred M. Vinson, wife of the secre tary of the treasury. She displayed a purse clutched to her chest and then tried holding it under an arm.

It finally was agreed a woman should leave her purse offstage presumably with a trusted friend before mounting the platform. Mrs. Hugh Butler, the teacher, passed out such tips as You can never win votes with a bellow," Intolerance is never good in politics," and Never stand behind a table unless there is a loud speaker there; then you have no choice." Sells Milk to German Prisoner; Briton Fined (Chlrato Tribune Press Service LONDON, May 20 A British milk salesman who sold a half pint of milk to a German war prisoner was fined $4 today and warned not to repeat the offense. He is Benjamin Booth of Dover, who pleaded that he only sold the milk to the German because he thought it was intended for the British foreman. say as we did after the last warjdenly plunged into the skyscraper that, much as we would like to co-jwith a roar heard thruout the finan-eperate in the restoration of Europe, cial district.

cooperation as a practical matter is While the cabin and one of the Impossible without the sacrifice of engines tore thru the wall into the eur principles and that we must be empty office, a wing and part of the content to cultivate and defend our fuselage fell into Pine paralleling cwn hemisphere. and more of the plane's "But we must not forget that if body fcll to ai2th story ledge, where ve fail to cooperate in a peace it hung suspended. vhich is indivisible we may again Flaming wreckage fell into the Reveals U. N. Aims to Help 'Educate' U.

S. Chicaro Tribune Press Service New York, May 20 A gigantic propaganda program, designed to educate the American public, with especial attention to school children, on the work of the new league of nations, was acknowledged by United Nations officials tonight. Within two months or less, the. U. N.

department of public information will begin publication of a weekly news bulletin on United Nations activities. V. J. G. Stavridi, chief of the reference and publications division of the public information section, disclosed that various periodicals, pamphlets, and books, including a year book, will be prepared.

Will Be Sold to Public The publications will be sold to the American public. The publications are to be released thru the Columbia University Press at nominal prices. The university's faculty has consistently plumped for an international organization along the lines of the old league of nations. "These publication plans are part of a huge program to educate the public on the work of the United Nations," Stavridi said. Olav Paus Grunt, chief of the division of public inquiries, said U.

N. is seriously considering establishment of a high school news service.1 "High schools all over the country have written asking for digests of United Nations news," he said. Don't Understand U. N. "Most people do not understand what the United Nations is attempting to do.

They do not have enough background. We are going to try and give it to them." As an example of the ignorance in America on the United Nations, Grunt recalled with a chuckle that he was asked only the other day byj an American: "Are you with the! British United Nations?" Already U. N. officials have brought study of the aims and operations of the U. N.

charter to the curricula of New York's schools. Beginning in September every elementary and junior high school student will have U. N. on his list of studies. In cooperation with school authorities here a manual, entitled "A Better World," is now being printed and will be ready for distribution to schools in the fall.

"Depends on Education" In a foreword to the volume it is 'said: kind of a world we shall have tomorrow depends in great measure upon the kind of eaucaiion our cniinrcn receive! today. This curriculum guide appropriately entitled A Better World is a source pamphlet of practical suggestions to teachers to facilitate planning in democratic living. It is not prescriptive. The suggestions given represent experiences and desirable concepts suitable to each of the major curriculum areas." U. N.

propaganda is to include data on the goals the United Nations economic and employment commissions have set. THE WEATHER TUESDAY. MAT 21, 1946 CHICAGO AN1 VICINITY: Tartly cloudy with little change in temperature today; tomorrow generally fair and warmer; high today, 63; low tonight, 43; high tomorrow, 75; westerly winds 10 to 15 miles an hour. ILLINOIS: Partly cloudr, lth little chantr In temperature today; tomorrow centrally fair and warmer, followed by scattered showers late tomorrow afternoon or nixht. TEMPERATURES IS CHICAGO For 21 hours ended 2 a.

m. May 21: 3 a. m. .54 Noon 4 a.m. ...541 In.

7 p. m. p. 9 p. m.

10 p. m. 11 p. 1 a. m.

2 a. S4 5 a. 2 p. m. .63 2:40.

.64. 3 3 p. .63 4 p. .54 5 p. .58 6 p.

m. .54 54 53 6a. m. 5 2 7 a. 8 a.

9 a. .57 I 10 a. .58 11 a. .611 Hih. tLow.

.51 .50 .49 t48 5 UJU BOARD TO RULE WORLD'S FOOD, HOOVER'S PLAN Calls for Early End to Charity BY PHILIP WARDEN (Chlcaio Tribune Press Service Washington, D. May 20 Herbert Hoover today called for a drastic reorganization of world food policies, including the halting of charity food shipments after Sept. 1. He said charity distribution is hugely wasteful and inefficient." Speaking at the opening session here of the food and agriculture organization of the United Nations, with representatives of soviet Russia conspicuously absent. Mr.

Hoover urged adoption of a nine point United Nations food program. He proposed: 1. Formation of a United Nations food administration to direct world food policies. Small Advisory Board 2. Appointment of a world food administrator to be assisted by a small advisory committee of representatives of the nations producing surplus food.

3. Establishment of regional organizations under the proposed new United Nations food administration. 4. Agreement that the proposed United Nations food administration should serve only during the period of food scarcity and agricultural reconstruction. or au me rood and "5n.culture activities the United AV Nations relief and rehabilitation administration by the proposed United Nations food administration.

This agency also would absorb the work of the combined food board and all other international food agencies. Return to Normal Sought 6 Agreement that it shall be the policy of the proposed food administration to return the distribution of food, agriculture equipment and fertilizer to normal trade channels "with all speed possible." 7. Granting of sufficient authority to the proposed food administration to direct "the destination of some marginal quantity of food so that it can fill in any neglected chinks." 8. Empowering of the proposed new agency to "advise" nations on measures jf conservation, voluntary relief activities, and on stimulation of the production of farm machinery, fertilizers, and other materials of agricultural reconstruction. 9.

A program making special feeding and medical care of physically subnormal children the sole charit able contribution of governments. Children Biggr-st rroblem Mr. Hoover said that special care for the children of the famine stricken areas is the most needed reconstruction effort in the world." Hfe said such care "does not call for large figures." In calling for a reorganization of present world food policies, Mr. Hoover said they "must have vigorous reorganization if we would avoid another crisis like that which we are now in." In making his point that the world must quit charity and return the distribution of food and farm machinery to normal commerce, Mr. Hoover commented: "Commerce will secure more eco- TiAtnirnl Hictrihlltinn it cprr with lar more assurance ana em- ciency to farmers, merchants and consumers than governments.

Must Halt Charity "Moreover, the world must quit emphasize that charitable distribu- tion is hugely wasteful and inefli- icient. Charity should be organized separately. Nations should, from Sept. 1 forward, finance their own food purchases by other means than charity." The primary purpose of the United Nations is to give security and peace to the world," Mr. Hoover added.

"Effective distribution of food during scarcity and the reconstruction of agriculture, and above (all, the reconstruction of human be-Ungs, is essential to order and pece of the world. The first voice of war una mat win nave 10 cooperate basernent of a neighboring building, in a war which is world-wide. starting a smaU fire. Whether we like it or not, we live, In one world. Pen Tarachute I am unwilling to admit that we An open parachute was discovered cannot cooperate without sacrifice on an eighth floor ledge, leading to of our principles.

If we are going to the belief that at least one of the play our part we must take the of-'occupants had seen the impending UNIONS MAKE NEW OFFER IN RAIL DISPUTE Seizure of Coal Mines Expected Washington, D. May 20 Special Optimism over prospects for a settlement of the rail dispute and avoidance of a nation-wide transportation tie-up soared tonight as the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen presented a new proposition to government conciliators. But the hopeful outlook did not extend to the country's other critical labor problem the coal situation. Spokesmen for both miners and operators emphasized to President Truman the futility of further negotiations and government officials appeared convinced that federal seizure of mines provides the last hope of keeping them operating after the current truce ends Saturday. A settlement of the railroad controversy was being predicted for Wednesday as several sources reported the situation "looks good." Truce Ends Thursday A.

F. Whitney, president of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, told reporters he made a proposition to government conciliators seeking to settle the wage dispute before a five day truce expires Thursday. Whitney would not say whether his proposal meant a new wage offer by the union but said he thought John R. Steelman, Presidential advisor and one of the conciliators, i.iay have something to say after he talks it over with the carriers." Steelman kept busy in separate negotiations with union and carrier representatives. He met with Whitney and Alvanley Johnston, president of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, for more than an hour at mid-day.

Tonight he met for two hours with the carrier negotiating committee. Compromise Is Sought The White House said Steelman was hopeful. Eben Ayers, assistant White House press secretary, said Steelman and Reconversion Director Snyder look for an early resumption of joint wage talks. Steelman was trying to work out some compromise before asking both sides to resume joint negotiations. The unions have boiled down their wage demands to an 18 per cen? increase, with a $1.44 a day mini mum boost.

The railroads were will ing to go only as high as 16 cents an hour or a $1.28 minimum, as was recommended by a Presidential factfinding committee. Even prospects of the federal government seizing the coal mines were darkened by the lack of assur ance from John Lewis that the miners would stay on the job. At a conference with Mr. Truman Sunday, Lewis was reported to have informed the President he lacked authority, without word from his 250 man AFL United Mine Work ers' policy committee, to commit the 400,000 miners to work for the government. REPORT UNION LIABILITY PLAN VOTED BY UAW Detroit, May 20 Special The principle of union responsibility, first advanced and then denounced by the international hierarchy of the CIO United Automobile Workers, apparently has been accepted by a large majority of the rank and file members employed by the Ford Motor company, it was learned tonight.

With only a few blocs of votes still unreported, the UAW locals in the Ford system had voted 15,677 to 8,050 or nearly two to one, in favor of ratification of a national contract embracing a highly controversial clause on union responsibility. A union spokesman said there was a mathematical possibility that the huge lead might be over come by the vote yet to be taken in the production foundry at the River Rouge plant, where oppo-nents of the agreement were expected to wage a bitter campaign this week to swing sentiment. fensive for peace as we took the of-, fensive for war." Faith In Ideals But the victories of peace like those of war, Byrnes added, arrnv bomber into the 78th floor tacrifice not of principle but for principle." They require faith in ourselves and our ideals, initiative, resourcefulness and unrelenting effort, he said. Byrnes acknowledged that the progress made at Paris was "dis-i State crash. The Manhattan com-appointingly small," but he said itjpany building, rising 927 feet into was "infinitely greater than he ex-j the air.

is the fifth tallest structure pected when he suggested the meet- in New York City. HOUSE OF COMMONS PASSES MEASURE TO NATIONALIZE MINES tChicaio Tribune Press Service LONDON, May 20 Over the claim of the opposition that the only way to revive British coal is to restore discipline among the miners under private enterprise, the house of commons passed tonight by a vote of 342 to 143 the Labor government's bill to nationalize the coal industry. The bill now awaits approval by the house of lords and royal assent. Minister of Fuel and Power Shin-well warned that more drastic schemes of industrial reorganiza tion, if not outright nationalization, may be necessary to enable Britain to compete for world markets. Conservative opposition to the Laborites' first experiment in nation alizing a basic British industry was led by Claude G.

Lancaster, who is chairman and managing director of several coal and iron companies. He said that with precisely the same number of men and more median ized pits Britain is now producing 20,000,000 tons of coal less yearly than in 1941. I don't think there is a single responsible colliery manager who would attribute this to anything but lack of discipline and absentee ism," he said. Lancaster called for a revival of team spirit to check the decline of production. MOTHER DASHES THRU FLAMES; SAVES CHILDREN (Picture on back page) Smelling smoke while in her home last night, Mrs.

Helen Anderson, 7124 Ellis av, dashed to a bedroom in which her sons, Russell, 16 months, and William, 5, were sleeping. Flames sweeping In from a fire in the building at 7122 already had set fire to William's bed. Mrs. Anderson plunged into the fire, took up the children, one under each arm and carried them outside. All three escaped injury.

At the same time, Gerald and Adele Runion were carrying their children, Joan 8, and Margaret, 16 months, from their second floor flat at 7122. The fire originated in a first floor rear bedroom below the Runion apartment and spread to buildings on either side, routing six other families, before it was extinguished. First Deputy Fire Marshal Otto Dahl said he had not determined the cause. The damage was about $5,000. 24 Scottish Distilleries to Close for Lack of Grain Chicago Tribune Press Service LONDON, May 20 Twenty-four distilleries in Ross and Banff counties, Scotland, have decided to close Saturday for lack of grain.

friends of workers employed in theQUt to be both residentiaJ and com- building, Clanging fire trucks and ambulances brought thousands rushing to the scene to watch the rescue efforts as best they could from the street or trucks and passenger cars unjon attorney met with Prose-parked before the police could form culor Brannigan lo hear his words ir.g. Byrnes had faith that world opinion would defeat Russian obstruc tion, remarking that there is no iron curtain," such as Moscow has 1 lowered over eastern Europe, that I the aggregate sentiments of man kind cannot penetrate." He's Not "Discouraged" Mr. Byrnes reviewed in detail the I failure of the American, British, Russian, and French foreign ministers to agree on anything except a revised armistice restoring virtually complete sovereignty to Italy except as to colonies and the Trieste region. He will resume the battle for agreement when the foreign ministers return to Paris June 15. Our problems are serious, but I am not discouraged," Byrnes said.

Our offensive to secure peace has (Continued on paKe 12, column AIR BASES THAT COST $25,000,000 TURNED OVER BY U. S. TO CUBA HAVANA. Cuba, May 20 W)-Two United States army air bases built at a cost of 525,000,000 were transferred formally to the Cuban government today as this island celebrated the 44th anniversary of its independence. The bases are at San Antonio De Los Banos, 30 miles southwest of Havana, and at San Julian, 200 miles est of Havana.

President San Martin and United States Ambassador R. Henry Nor-veb attended the ceremonies at the Ean Antonio base. The remaining American troops at the San Antonio base left by plane for San Juan, T. R. as a basis of widespread food Jupiter, and Saturn.

distribution. I cannot too strongly lines. The crash occurred at 7:10 p. m. Chicago time as darkness was falling over New York, and great fire department flood lights illuminated the streets and buildings.

Dig for Fifth Body Priests hurriedly summoned to the scene reported that all the plane's occupants were dead and firemen who had originally found only four bodies dug thru the wreckage on learning there was a fifth until it was discovered. The building, occupied principally by the Bank of Manhattan and other banking institutions, Is but a few feet from the site where George Washington took oath as'the first President of the United States, and a block from Trinity church. Opposite the building into which the plane crashed is the scene of the celebrated Wall street explosion of 1920 in which 30 persons were killed and 100 were injured, and damage of two million dollars was caused. The explosion was attributed to a plot in which a wagon load of T-N-T was driven against a building. tor 24 hours ended 7:30 p.

m. May 20: Mean temperature. 58 deireea: normal deficiency since May 1, 35 decrees; eaceas smre Jan. 1, 7Z9 decrees Precipitation. .12 of an inch: deficiency since May of an Inch; deficiency since Jan.

1, 1.38 Inches. Highest wind velocity, 29 miles an hour. Relative humidity. 7:30 a. 83 per cent; 1:30 p.

SO; 7:30 p. Barometer readinr, 7:30 a. 29. 76 Inches: 7:30 p. 29.76.

I Other weather reports on pate 61 Total mveraf nat paid circulation, APRIL. 1946 1,045.000 fit excess of jw swjwa, THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE I 7.